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Open Access
Copyright: The authors. This article is an open access
article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) which permits unrestricted use,
distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly
cited.
Original Research
2.
Pathogenic haemoparasites and antibody to
newcastle disease virus from apparently healthy
wild birds in Zaria, Nigeria -
S B Oladele, S J Enam and O O Okubanjo
Vet World. 2012; 5(1): 13-18
doi:
10.5455/vetworld.201 2.13-18
Abstract
A total of ninety-eight wild birds, comprising
eleven different species were captured alive from
Zaria environs. These birds were used for the
study, to determine the possible role they play as
reservoirs of blood parasites. Thin blood smears
(TBS) were prepared from the blood samples
collected from these wild birds. The slides were
stained and viewed under the microscope for the
identification of blood parasites. Values of
packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (Hb) and
total protein (TP) were also determined from the
blood samples. Sera from the birds were used for
the determination of haemagglutination inhibition
(HI) antibody titres to Newcastle disease virus (NDV).
Haemoparasites, such as Plasmodium circumflexum,
P. relictum, P. nouxi, Haemoproteus nisi, H.
columbae, and Aegyptienella pullorum were
identified from the blood of some of the wild
birds. The highest mean HI antibody titre to
Newcastle disease virus( NDV) (log2 9.50 ± 0.1)
and lowest mean HI antibody titre to NDV (log2
2.50 ± 1.7) were obtained from Senegal parrot (Poicephalus
senegalus) and Northern red bishop (Euplectes
franciscanus), respectively. The highest mean PCV
and Hb values of 49.00 ± 0.01% and 16.30 ± 0.1g%,
respectively were obtained from Senegal parrot (Poicephalus
senegalus), while the lowest mean PCV and Hb
values of 36.50 ± 8.35% and 12.18 ± 2.77g%,
respectively were recorded from African marsked
weaver (Ploceus velatus). The highest mean TP
value (7.00 ± 0.01g/dl) and lowest mean TP value
(1.88 ± 0.54g/dl) were obtained from Laughing dove
(Streptopelia senegalensis) and Zebra waxbill (Sporaeginthus
subflavus), respectively. It was concluded that
wild birds could serve as reservoirs of
haemoparasites and viral pathogens which could be
potential dangers to domestic birds in Zaria,
Nigeria. Keywords: Haemoparasites, Viral
pathogens, Wild birds, Antibody, Nigeria.
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